Imwe, iyovharafukudonha, nhanho dzekudzivirira kubuda kwemhepo.
1. Mavharuvhu ese anofanirwa kuisirwa hydraulic bvunzo yemagiredhi akasiyana mushure mekupinda mufekitori.
2. Izvo zvinodiwa kuparadzanisa uye kugadzirisa valve inofanira kuva pasi.
3. Munguva yekunyanya kugadzirisa, tarisa kana kusungirirwa kwakawedzerwa uye ganda rekuputira rakasimbiswa.
4 valve isati yaiswa inofanira kutarisa kana pane guruva, jecha, iron oxide uye mamwe marara mukati mevhavha.Kana zviri pamusoro apa zvinofanirwa kucheneswa zvisati zvaiswa.
5. Mavharuvhu ese anofanirwa kuve akaiswa gaskets yegiredhi inoenderana isati yaiswa.
6. Simbisa zvisungo paunenge uchiisa magonhi eflange, uye simbisa mabhaudhi eflange munzira inoenzanirana.
7. Muchigadziro chekuiswa kwevhavha, mavharuvhu ose anofanira kuiswa nenzira yakarurama maererano nehurongwa uye kudzvinyirira, uye kuiswa kwemaitiro uye kusanganiswa kunorambidzwa zvachose.Nechinangwa ichi, mavharuvhu ese anofanirwa kuverengerwa uye kunyorwa maererano nehurongwa usati waiswa.
Chechipiri, pakudzivirira kwemarasha ekudonha matanho.
1. Maflange ose anofanira kuiswa nezvinhu zvekuvhara.
2. Nzvimbo dzinenge dzichida kubuda hupfu mavharuvhu emarasha ezvigayo zvemarasha, mafeedi emarasha, maflange evagadziri uye zvikamu zvese zvine chekuita nemarasha.Naizvozvo, tichaita ongororo yakazara pazvikamu zvemidziyo yese yevagadziri inogona kubuda hupfu.Kana pasina chekuisa chisimbiso, isu tichaita chechipiri reinstallation uye simbisa zvisungo.
3. Chiitiko chekubuda kwehupfu chinogona kuitika mujojo yekuputira yepombi yemarasha yakapwanyika, tichatora matanho anotevera.
3.1 Pamberi pekubatanidza welding, nzvimbo yejoint yewelding inofanira kunyatsokwenenzverwa kuita metallic luster uye kukwenenzverwa kune welding groove inodiwa.
3.2 Mhepo yekufananidza inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa isati yafananidzwa, uye inorambidzwa zvachose kumanikidza kufananidzwa.
3.3 Welding zvinhu zvinofanirwa kushandiswa nemazvo, uye zvinofanirwa kunge zvichipiswa sezvinodiwa mukutonhora kwekunze.
Tatu, kudonha kweoiri system, kumhanya kwemafuta uye mamwe matanho ekudzivirira.
1. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuita zvakanaka kuvuza uye kushanda kwemafuta eiyo oiri system.
2. Tarisa uye uchenese hurongwa nemafuta ekuchengetedza tangi zvakanyatsonaka usati waiswa.
3. Hydraulic test inofanira kuitwa pamidziyo ine mafuta anotonhorera.
4. Hydraulic test uye pickling basa rinofanirawo kuitirwa pombi yemafuta system.
5. Mukugadzwa kwepombi yemafuta, majoini ese eflange kana majoini mhenyu ane sirika buckle anofanirwa kuisirwa pedhi rerabha risingaite mafuta kana asbestos isingaite mafuta.
6. Nzvimbo yekuvuza yeoiri system inonyanya kutariswa pane flange uye yakasungwa mhenyu yejoini, saka mabhoti anofanira kusimbiswa zvakaenzana pakuisa flange.Dzivirira kuvuza kana loose tightness.
7. Muchigadziro chekutsvaira kwemafuta, vashandi vekuvaka vanofanira kugara vakanamatira pamatanda avo, uye zvinorambidzwa zvachose kubvisa kana kuyambuka matanda.
8. Sefa yemafuta inofanira kumiswa isati yatsiva pepa remafuta.
9. Paunenge uchiisa iyo yenguva pfupi mafuta filter connection pipe (yakakwirira-yakasimba transparent plastic hose), iyo yekubatanidza inofanira kusungwa zvakasimba netambo yekutungamirira kudzivirira chiitiko chekupukunyuka kwemafuta mushure mokunge mafuta akashanda kwenguva yakareba.
10. Tumirai vashandi vane basa rekuvaka kuti vatarisire basa remafuta sefa.
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Iv.Dzivirira mabubbles, kutubukira, kudonha uye kudonha mumubatanidzwa wemidziyo uye pombi fittings.Pane matanho ekudzivirira anotevera:
1. Metal winding gaskets inoshandiswa kune flange gaskets pamusoro pe 2.5mpa.
2, 1.0Mpa-2.5mpa flange gaskets, asbestos gaskets, uye akaputirwa nehupfu nhema.
3, pazasi pe 1.0mpa yemvura pombi flange yekuisa chisimbiso padhi ine rabha pad, uye yakaputirwa nehupfu nhema.
4, pombi yemvura coil inogadzirwa nePTFE fiber composite coil.
5. Kune chikamu chekuisa chisimbiso cheutsi nemhepo yemarasha mapaipi, tambo yeasbestos inomonyoroka uye inowedzerwa kune yakabatana pamusoro panguva.Izvo zvinorambidzwa zvakasimba kuomesa screws mushure mekubatana kwakasimba.
shanu, bvisa vharafu kuvuza ine zvinotevera matanho
nokuda kwekuvhara kwevhavha tinofanira kuita matanho anotevera)
1. Kuziva kwehutano hwakanaka kunofanira kugadzirirwa kuiswa kwepombi uye kuvaka, uye shizha reoxide uye rusvingo rwemukati rwepombi zvinofanira kucheneswa nekuziva, pasina kusara uye kuve nechokwadi kuti mukati memadziro epombi yakachena.
2. Kutanga, iva nechokwadi chokuti 100% yevhavha dzinopinda panzvimbo inofanira kuva hydrostatic test.
3. Kukuya valve kunofanira kuitwa zvakakomba.Mavharuvhu ese (kunze kwemavharuvhu anounzwa kunze kwenyika) anofanirwa kutumirwa kuboka rekukuya kuti riongororwe kuparara, kukuya uye kugadzirisa, uye nekuzadzikiswa kwemutoro, nekuziva kurekodha uye kuziva, nyore kuronda kumashure.Mavharuvhu akakosha anofanirwa kunyora zvinyorwa zvekugamuchirwa kwechipiri, kuitira kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zve "stamping, kutarisa uye kurekodha".
4. Iyo bhailer yekutanga mvura yekupinda musuwo uye gonhi rekubuda rinofanira kutsanangurwa pachine nguva.Aya mavharuvhu chete anotenderwa kuvhurika panguva yekuyedzwa kwehydrostatic, uye mamwe mavharuvhu haabvumidzwe kuvhurika pakuda, kuitira kuchengetedza core yevhavha.
5. Kana pombi yakanyungudutswa, ibatidze nekuidzima zvinyoro nyoro kudzivirira kukanganisa kune spool.
Kana iri kubuda, chikonzero chii?
(1) kusangana pakati pezvikamu zvekuvhura nekuvhara uye nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso chechigaro chevharuvhu;
(2) kurongedza uye dzinde uye kurongedza bhokisi kuenzanisa;
(3) kubatana pakati pemuviri wevharuvhu uye chivharo chevhavha
Imwe yeaimbova leakage inonzi internal leakage, iyo inowanzonzi yakarembera, inozokanganisa kugona kwevhavha kugura svikiro.Iwo maviri ekupedzisira kuvuza anonzi kubuda kwekunze, kureva, kubuda kwe media kubva kuvharuvhu kuenda kuvharuvhu kunze.Leakage ichakonzera kurasikirwa kwezvinhu, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, zvakakomba zvinokonzeresa tsaona.
Kuwira munzvimbo chaiyo, kuongororwa kwemukati kuvuza, kubuda kwemukati kunowanzo:
Mavharuvhu ane inotenderwa yemukati yekuvuza chiyero zvinoenderana necaliber yavo, system yekusiyanisa kudzvanywa, uye system media.Mupfungwa yakasimba, yechokwadi '0′ leakage valve haipo.Kazhinji, diki dhayamita yepasi mavharuvhu ari nyore kuwana asingaoneki leakage (kwete zero leakage), nepo hombe dhayamita gedhi mavharuvhu zvakaoma kuwana kusingaonekwe leakage.Muchiitiko chekudonha kwemukati kwevharuvhu, chekutanga, isu tinofanira kuedza kunzwisisa iyo chaiyo yekudonha kwemukati, tarisa kune iyo valve leakage miyero, kubuda kwemukati kunoitika kana sisitimu yekushanda nharaunda uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekuongorora kwakadzama, kuitira nenzira kwayo. tongai kubuda kwemukati kwevhavha.
(1) Dambudziko remukati rekudonha revhavha yegedhi rakafanana.
Nheyo yekushanda yeparallel gedhi vharuvhu ndeyekuvimba nekusiyanisa kudzvanywa kweiyo sisitimu kudivi rekubuda re spool uye chigaro chisimbiso chepamusoro kumanikidzwa, kana iri yakaderera system system kudzvanywa, panogona kunge paine kudiki kwemukati kudonha chiitiko mushure mevhavha. .Muchiitiko chekudonha kwemukati kwakadaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuramba uchicherechedza uye kutarisa kuvharwa kwevhavha apo iyo inlet pressure yegadziriro inosvika pakumanikidzwa kwekugadzira kana kushanda kwemaitiro.Kana paine kuputika kwakanyanya, kunofanirwa kuparadzaniswa uye kugadzika nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso chevhavha.
(2) kubuda mukati kwevhavhavha yewedge.
Dzimwe nguva imhaka yeyakasiyana vharafu yekudzora modhi, nekuti mugadziri kana dhizaini sarudzo, inowirirana dzinde uye stem nati isimba rekugadzira haina kufunga torque control mode, uye kushandisa sitiroko control mode, kana yakamanikidzwa kufamba mukati. iyo yakavharwa nzvimbo yekudzora maitiro kune torque control, inogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwevhavha stem nati, etc. Panguva imwecheteyo, inotungamirira mukukundikana kwemusoro wemagetsi kana yakavhurwa uye kuvhura torque kukanganisa alarm.Muchiitiko chekudonha kwemukati kwevhavha iyi, inowanzovharwa nemaoko mushure mekuvhara kwemagetsi, uye yobva yavharwa.Kana kuchine kubuda kwemukati mushure mekuvhara kwemanyorero, zvinoratidza kuti chisimbiso pamusoro pevhavha ine dambudziko, uye zvino inoda kuparara uye pasi.
(3) kubuda kwemukati kwevhavha yekuongorora.
Chengetedza kuvhara kwevhavha kunoenderanawo nekusiyana kwekumanikidzwa kwegadziriro, kana inlet yevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavha kunyumwa,kubuda kwevhavha kunenge kuchikwirawo zvishoma,zvino kunofanirwa kuongororwa nezvakasiyana siyana, tarisa kubuda kwemukati. , maererano nekuongororwa kwechimiro chekugadzirisa kana kutora basa rekugadzirisa muviri.
(4) Kubuda kwemukati kwevharuvhu yakakura yedhiyamita disc.
Chiyero chekudonha kwemukati kwedhiyamita disc valve kazhinji yakakura kwazvo.Kana iyo inlet pressure ichiwedzera, iyo yekubuda pressure inowedzerawo.Nokuda kwedambudziko iri, kubuda kwemukati kunofanira kutongwa kutanga, uye chisarudzo chekugadzirisa kana kusagadziriswa chinofanira kuitwa maererano nekubuda kwemukati.
(5) kubuda kwemukati kwevhavha inogadzirisa.
Nemhaka yokuti chimiro chevhavha inogadzirisa yakasiyana, chiyero chekubuda kwemukati hachina kufanana, panguva imwe chete, vheji inogadzirisa inowanzoshandiswa nenzira yekudzora sitiroko, (kwete kushandisa torque control), saka pane kazhinji mukati. leakage phenomenon.Dambudziko remukati rekudonha revhavha yekudzora rinofanira kurapwa zvakasiyana, uye vharafu inogadzirisa ine yakakosha yemukati yekudonha zvinodiwa inofanirwa kutariswa mukugadzira nekugadzira.Kune akawanda kupokana kwakadaro muXX Nuclear Power Plant.Mavharuvhu mazhinji anomanikidzwa kushandurwa kuita torque control, izvo zvinokanganisa basa revhavha inogadzirisa.
Kunyanya kujeka:
(1) Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvisina kunaka uye kurapwa kwekupisa kwevhavha yemukati, kusakwana kuoma, nyore kukuvadzwa ne-high-speed fluid.
(2) Nekuda kweiyo valve yekumisikidza muganho, fluid kuburikidza nevhavha simba (kumhanyisa) haina kushandiswa kunoshanda, kukanganisa kupfeka simba pane yekuisa chisimbiso;Kunyanya kumhanya kunotungamira kudiki kudiki kuseri kwevharuvhu, iyo yakaderera pane saturation pressure, zvichikonzera cavitation.Mune cavitation process, simba rose kana bubble richiputika rinonangana nepanoputika, zvichikonzera zviuru zveNewtons of impact force, uye kudzvinyirirwa kwekuvhunduka wave kwakakwira se2 × 103Mpa, iyo inodarika zvakanyanya kutadza kupera simba kwe. zvinhu zvesimbi zviripo.Zvakanyanya kuoma madhisiki uye zvigaro zvinogona zvakare kukuvadzwa uye kudonha munguva pfupi pfupi.
(3) Ivhavha inoshanda munzvimbo diki yekuvhura kwenguva yakareba, kuyerera kwemvura kwakanyanyisa, simba rekuita rakakura, uye zvikamu zvemukati zvevhavha zvinokuvadzwa nyore.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-20-2021